• Vincent had two younger sisters.

    Norma Lounella Millay Ellis (1893-1986) graduated from Camden High School, worked at the Whitehall Inn, moved to New York, married Charles Ellis, an actor and artist who designed sets for the Provincetown Players. Norma became the executor of Edna St. Vincent Millay’s estate and while she and Charles were living at Steepletop, Norma founded the Millay Colony for the Arts at Steepletop.

    Kathleen Kalloch Millay (1896-1943) graduated from Camden High School, attended Vassar College, moved to New York, published poetry and fairy tales, married playwright Howard Young keeping her maiden name, died of alcoholism.

  • Cora Millay filed for divorce in 1901 and took her girls to stay with relatives, first in Rockport, Maine; and then in Newburyport, Massachusetts. Cora brought her girls back to Camden in 1903, since she could earn money as a visiting nurse in surrounding towns.

    The Millays lived at 100 Washington Street, a house with no plumbing or electricity, from 1903 to 1908. They then moved to 40 Chestnut Street, next to the post office, and across the street from the Cushing house where Vincent took piano lessons.

    The Millays moved to 82 Washington Street after Vincent graduated from high school.

    All three houses have been torn down.

  • Although the Millays were poor, Cora encouraged the cultural development of her girls—schoolwork, reading, writing, music. The Millays had the finest collection of books outside of a library. In 1912, Vincent reported that she was “well acquainted with William Shakespeare, John Milton, William Wordsworth, Alfred Lord Tennyson, Charles Dickens, Walter Scott, George Eliot, Henrik Ibsen, and fifty other authors.

    Cora shared a love of poetry with her daughters, especially the works of James Whitcomb Riley, Eugene Field, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and John Greenleaf Whittier. Cora wrote much poetry herself, publishing a book called Little Otis in 1928. Cora encouraged writing and reading above housework, and she subscribed to St. Nicholas magazine for the girls.

    Cora also promoted music. She bought a piano and arranged piano lessons for all three of the girls; and she encouraged singing

  • Vincent graduated from Camden High School in 1909. She had performed in school plays at the Camden Opera House, and was the editor of the Megunticook, the school year book. She hoped to be chosen Class Poet, but her class voted for a boy instead. At graduation, students read essays and poems, and Edna read her poem called “Le Joie de Vivre.” It was voted the best poem and she won a $10 prize. Edna’s poem and the class poet’s poem are published in the 1909 Megunticook.

  • Edna St. Vincent Millay began writing poetry around the time the Millays moved to Camden, in 1903, when she was ten. Her first poem was called “One Bird.” She had four poems published in St. Nicholas, the children’s magazine, from 1906 to 1910. In 1908, when she was sixteen, Vincent collected all her poems into a notebook she titled “The Poetical Works of Edna St. Vincent Millay” which she dedicated to her mother.

  • Cora, encouraged her daughter to submit a poem for the anthology The Lyric Year. The editors were offering a $500 prize for the best poem. Vincent submitted a poem under the name E. Vincent Millay, and the judges assumed the author was a man. It was a long poem about death and rebirth written from the top of Mt. Battie. Vincent called it “Renaissance,” and one of the judges suggested she change the title to “Renascence,” the English spelling of the French word for rebirth. When her poem was published in The Lyric Year, in 1912, she did not win first prize, and many poets were disappointed.

Edna St. Vincent Millay FAQs

  • Edna St. Vincent Millay was an American lyrical poet and playwright born in Maine. She was a renowned feminist and social figure in New York during the Roaring Twenties.

  • Her father was Henry Tolman Millay, from Union, Maine. He was a salesman of men’s clothing, and later a teacher and superintendent of schools in Union, and later still a logger in Kingman, Maine.

    Her mother was Cora Lounella Buzzell Millay from Belfast, Maine. Cora designed hairpieces, gave concerts at local halls, and for many years was a visiting nurse.

  • Cora’s younger brother, seaman Charles Buzzell, fell asleep in the hold of a ship and was trapped by the cargo. When he was found, nine days later, he was rushed to St. Vincent’s Hospital in New York, where he recovered. Cora was so grateful to the hospital that she made Edna’s middle name “Vincent.” She told Charlie that if Edna had been a boy, she would have been named “Vincent.”

    All her life, family and friends called Edna “Vincent.” She liked the name and got mad when teachers called her “Edna.”

  • She was born at home at 200 Broadway, the north side of a double house, in Rockland. She was born on Washington’s Birthday, February 22, 1892.

  • Edna was six months old when, in September 1892, the owner of 198-200 Broadway sold the double house to a Rockland businessman for his two sons, and the Millays moved to Union, Maine, to live with Henry Millay’s family.

  • The Millays lived in Union for seven and a half years, first with Henry’s family on their farm, then in a large house on Common Road, and later in a smaller house across the street on Common Road. When Edna was almost eight, her mother told her father to leave because he did not provide enough income for the family. They got divorced.

  • In 1923, Edna married Eugen Boissevain, a Dutch coffee importer. Boissevain had been married to the famous woman’s suffrage leader, Inez Millholland, who had died young.

  • Edna and Eugen purchased a 700-acre farm in Austerlitz, New York. Edna named the farm “Steepletop” because of the many steeplebush plants on the farm.

  • Edna was progressive, in favor of women’s rights. During World War I, Edna was against war, writing and producing the anti-war play, Aria da Capo.

    In 1927, she was arrested and jailed for protesting with other writers against the execution of accused anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti. She wrote and met with the governor of Massachusetts, to no avail. Her poem “Justice Denied in Massachusetts” was published in the New York Times. Upton Sinclair included Millay in his book about Sacco and Vanzetti called Boston.

    In her play Conversations at Midnight, written in 1937, Edna included conversations about politics.

    During the 1940s, Edna published propaganda poems in favor of America’s entrance into World War II. She was commissioned to write a patriotic poem to be read over the radio during the D Day invasion of Normandy.

  • In 1950, Edna died falling down the stairs at Steepletop. Eugen had died the year before.

  • Renascence and Other Poems, 1917.

    Second April, 1921.

    A Few Figs from Thistles, 1922.

    The Harp-Weaver and Other Poems, 1923.

    The Buck in the Snow, 1928.

    Fatal Interview, 1931.

    Wine from These Grapes, 1934.

    Huntsman, What Quarry, 1939.

    Make Bright the Arrows, 1940.

    Mine the Harvest, 1954 (published by Norma Millay).

  • Aria da Capo, 1919.

    The King’s Henchmen, 1927 (libretto).

    The Lamp and the Bell, 1935.

    Conversations at Midnight, 1937.

  • In 1912, Vincent’s sister Norma worked as a waitress at the Whitehall Inn. Norma invited Vincent to come to the staff costume party in August to read her new poem. The Millay sisters played the piano and sang, and Vincent read “Renascence” to the inn’s guests. One of the guests, Caroline Dow, Director of the YWCA in New York, was impressed and offered to create a scholarship for Vincent to attend Vassar.

  • YWCA director Caroline Dow was able to convince wealthy friends to provide a scholarship for Edna to attend Vassar. In the summer of 1913, Edna moved to New York and attended classes at Barnard College to prepare for the entrance exam at Vassar. She attended Vassar from 1913 until her graduation in 1917.

    She rebelled against the rules, but was able to develop her reputation as a poet and dramatist. She attended an inspiring lecture by Vassar alumnae Inez Millholland, the famous suffragette.

  • Millay moved to Greenwich Village where she interacted with poets, other writers, and actors. Norma joined her and they both acted with the Provincetown Players. Edna published poems, plays, and short stories, and the Provincetown Players produced her anti-war play called Aria da Capo.

  • Edna used the pen name “Nancy Boyd” when writing short stories for the magazines Ainslee’s, Metropolitan, and Vanity Fair.

  • In 1918, Sara Teasdale won a prize from the Poetry Society for her poetry collection Love Songs. She is often credited as being the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, however, the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry was not established until 1922. The first winner was Edward Arlington Robinson for his Collected Poems. The following year, 1923, Edna St. Vincent Millay won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for The Ballad of the Harp-Weaver, making her the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry.

  • Edna was a feminist and a free spirit. In New York, she partied with authors, actors, and artists. She had affairs with men and women. During the 1920s, she published five books of poetry, an anti-war play, the libretto for an opera, and short stories in popular magazines. She toured the country, giving dramatic readings of her poetry to standing-room-only crowds. She was, for a while, the most popular woman in America.

  • Steepletop in Austerlitz, New York

    The Millay House on Broadway in Rockland, Maine.

  • Steepletop is the house and farm in Austerlitz, New York, where Millay and her husband lived after they purchased it in 1925.

    Steepletop is owned by the Millay Society, a non-profit membership organization that maintains the house with its original furnishings as a museum, open to the public only one or two times a year. The Millay Society holds events offsite several times a year.

    The Millay Arts Colony is a separate organization located on the grounds of Steepletop that provides residencies to writers and artists.

  • The Millay House is the double house at 198A and 198B Broadway, in Rockland, where Edna St. Vincent Millay was born. The Millay House is owned by Millay House Rockland, a non-profit membership organization.

    Millay House Rockland rents the north side of the double house to provide income for the upkeep of the house.

    The south side of the double house (198A Broadway) is furnished and is only open for special events. There Millay House Rockland offers a month-long juried Writer-in-Residence program, in partnership with the Ellis Beauregard Foundation, during the months of July and October. During other months, they offer month-long rental opportunities for writers. And there they hold meetings, small conversations and workshops with writers, and two annual open houses. Millay House Rockland also holds readings and workshops offsite.

  • Go to the Residency page

  • Go to the Events page.